A 20-0302 Subject: Urging Pardons To Southeast Asian Refugee Communities
From: Councilmember Thao And Bas
Recommendation: Adopt A Resolution Condemning Deportations Of Southeast Asian Refugee Communities By The Trump Administration's Immigration And Customs Enforcement (ICE); Respectfully Urging Governor Newsom To Grant Pardons To Sakhone Lasaphangthong And Somdeng "Danny" Thongsy To Allow Them To Remain In The United States And To Protect Our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu, And Immigrant Community
My name is Nathaniel Tan and I currently work in District 2. I am the Co-Director of Asian Prisoner Support Committee and I am in full support of agenda item #4A. Sakhone and Danny are remarkable leaders in the community. Danny has led the way in preventing Southeast Asian deportations of Cambodian members in Oakland and Sakhone has led the way in providing housing for the houseless population in Oakland Chinatown, a feat that very few have been able to accomplish.
Their contribution to Oakland is far reaching and has lasting impacts. Their leadership speaks to the importance of giving people who face deportation as a result of a criminal conviction a second chance. They are the reason why our communities are safer with them home.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community. Urge Gov. Newsom to pardon Sakhone and Danny!
My name is Rhummanee Hang, Project Co-Director at AYPAL, and I live and work in District 2. I am in full support of item #4A and urging the Governor to grant pardons to Sakhone Lasaphangthong and Danny Thongsy and to protect vulnerable Southeast Asian communities. Sakhone and Danny are great friends amazing community organizers. They do so much for not only Chinatown, but the broader Oakland and Southeast Asian community. When my brother was in their position and faced deportation, they were there fighting to keep him home. They are compassionate, selfless, humble... Danny and Sakhone are belong here. We need Danny and Sakhone home.
Please stand with refugee communities against unjust immigration policy. Danny and Sakhone makes our communities safer.
I have worked with Danny Thongsy in Oakland community organizations and very strongly support Item #4. Danny is a real gem--kind, thoughtful, and dedicated to community service, human rights, and social justice. It would be cruel and unusual punishment to send him back to a country from which he fled as a very young child with his family as refugees. He has no connections at all back in Laos. Here he is an admired and beloved member of many community networks here. Please help him and others in similar situations!!!
My name is Maria and I am a community member from the Bay Area. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. They are amazing friends and community advocates that stand up for other immigrants and vulnerable community members. They tirelessly work to free other immigrants and procure that our community is always protected. Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important more than ever that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community. It also calls on Governor Gavin Newsom to fully pardon Danny and Sakhone to prevent their deportation to Laos, and allow them to stay with family and community. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland, makes our community safer!
My name is Miya Sommers, and while I am a resident of Berkeley and the Assistant Director of Asian Pacific American Student Development at UC Berkeley, it is times like this that show us how interconnected we all are. I am in full support of Agenda item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Danny and Sakhone are wonderful friends and amazing community advocates who I have witnessed work tirelessly to support all those around them. Many of my students have been touched by the work that they do. Danny and Sakhone are integral to our communities and we need your leadership to protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community in the wake of a federal administration that is set on harming refugees.
I look forward to seeing the Council's full support for item #4A!
My name is Kristen Fu and I work in District 3 in Oakland. I’ve worked/attended church in Oakland for 7 years, and am a lifelong Bay Area resident. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I met Danny when he shared his powerful story at my church, and anyone who meets him can tell he is a leader and advocate for his community.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community. It also calls on Governor Gavin Newsom to fully pardon Danny and Sakhone to prevent their deportation to Laos, and allow them to stay with family and community. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland, makes our community safer!
My name is Rebecca Oyama and I live in District One in Oakland and work at the East Bay Community Law Center. I want to share my immense support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I have gotten to know Danny best through his influential work with the Justice Reinvestment Coalition. Danny is a born leader, tireless in his efforts to improve conditions and outcomes for incarcerated and immigrant communities. Danny is deeply committed to fighting for a better system for all of us, and the heart and humility he inserts in his work makes him a true gem of Oakland.
Under this current anti-immigrant administration, it’s important more than ever that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community.
My name is Michael Cheng and I live work in District #2 in Oakland. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong.
As a member of the Asian Prisoner Support Committee since 2005 I've had the honor to get to know both men personally and have witnessed their incredible growth and transformation. Both Sakhone and Danny have dedicated their lives to serving their community and selflessly work to help others. I have seen both of them demonstrate this commitment time and time again as they consistently have shown up to their professional day jobs where they help others, and also in their off time as volunteers. Being positive forces for change in their communities has truly become a lifestyle for both and to lose them to deportation would be a devastating loss not only to their families but to our community as a whole.
My name is Jared Ginn, and I work in District 2. Danny and Sakhone are dear friends of mine, not only because of all the positive actions they do in the community, but also because they are simply kind, gentle, and generous people to the soul. Our world would be a better place with more people like them. PLEASE SUPPORT ITEM#4A!
My name is Daniel Maher and I am in full support of Item #4A, a resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone are contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I met Danny several years ago while supporting the passage of SB54 the California Values Act. Danny is a friend of mine. He is a humble and passionate advocate for the underserved communities of color. I am personally thankful for his continuous hard work and dedication in giving back to the community.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important more than ever that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our immigrant community. It also calls on Governor Gavin Newsom to fully pardon Danny and Sakhone to prevent their deportation allowing them to stay with family and community. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland, makes our community safer!
Hey I’m Nifa, organizer at The Ella Baker Center. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, please protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Our community thrives when we come together and both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. We all should know that those who are directly impacted are the experts when it comes to restoring and healing our communities. I’m asking that y'all show leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community.
My name is Nicole Wong. I have been a resident of D1 for over a year. I met Danny my first week as a Community Advocate at Asian Law Caucus. I have been inspired by his quiet strength of spirit. Danny is a friend and fierce advocate. What I've learned from Danny is the importance of showing up. Danny shows up. Period. At rallies and events to support the Southeast Asian community, criminal justice reform, immigrant rights, etc. He shows up with a humility, graciousness, and compassion that is a steadying force. I met Sakhone a year ago upon his first week out. I remember he was humbled by the opportunity to forge a new life and give back to his community. Danny and Sakhone work tirelessly on behalf of incarcerated community members and immigrant families in Oakland. We urgently need leaders like Danny and Sakhone who have dealt with the criminal justice system firsthand and thus understand how important it is to change it. I urge you to support this resolution and to keep them home.
My name is Casey Tran and I live in District 2 in Oakland. I’ve been a resident for 2 years. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Danny is a tireless advocate for others. Danny has supported families impacted by incarceration and deportations and advocated for policies to uplift our communities. He has led actions in front of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) building in San Francisco and lobbied for the CA Values Act in Sacramento. He is continuing to empower his community through his work at Justice Reinvestment Coalition of Alameda County. Outside of work, I have known Danny as a good friend. We have bonded together over our love of poetry and food. Oakland has the opportunity to resist the Trump Administration's inhumane immigration policies. I ask the City Council to pass this resolution and stand in solidarity with Southeast Asian and immigrant communities.
My name is Milan Chang and I have had the great privilege of knowing Somdeng Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong through their extensive leadership in the community. As a former staff member of Advancing Justice - Asian Law Caucus and a volunteer member with Asian Prisoner Support Committee, I have seen firsthand the ways in which Danny and Sakhone are working to provide a positive example in the community and creating lasting change in the Bay Area. Deportation affects entire communities, and ours would be immeasurably worse without Danny and Sakhone. The conditions that led to their present circumstances are emblematic of the inequities that characterize our criminal legal system, and I urge you to intervene in this persistent injustice by advocating for pardons to keep Danny and Sakhone at home with their loved ones.
My name is Allison Tanner, and I am a pastor of Lakeshore Avenue Baptist Church, of District #2. We are a Sanctuary congregation and we have served our community for 160 years. We are in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. Danny has actually spoken at Lakeshore, leading our Sunday School and providing us with a powerful example of redemption, which is at the heart of our faith.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s essential that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant communities. Danny and Sakhone bless the city of Oakland. We need them.
My name is Elliot Hosman, I live in Richmond, but I work in District #5 in Oakland, and have lived in Oakland for most of the last 12 years. I’m in full support of #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I met Danny through his work lifting up members of our Oakland community, giving generously and tirelessly of himself to make life better in Oakland for all. Danny was a leader while inside state prison, who stood up for vulnerable people, and through nonviolent compassion and allyship, helped people make positive change. Danny models respect and dignity for all people. We need Danny and Sakhone to stay now more than ever as we face an unprecedented time in which fear is great and great leadership is in demand. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland makes our community better and safer!
My name is Lan Nguyen and I support the resolution urging the Governor to pardon Sakhone Lasaphangthong and Somdeng "Danny" Thongsy. They are both valued leaders in the community and are at high risk of being deported. Our communities would be devastated by the loss of these leaders if they are deported. Please lend your support for these kind, selfless, compassionate community members.
I live in District 2 and work in District 5. I support the resolution urging the Governor to pardon Sakhone Lasaphangthong and "Danny" Thongsy. Both are contributing to Oakland in positive, meaningful ways. I've know Danny for several years now, ever since he was on staff at Advancing Justice - Asian Law Caucus for his Yuri Kochiyama Fellowship. He is a good friend, I'm a better person for being in community with Danny. He is a steady, positive force within relationships, including in his friendships with other formerly incarcerated people. Last month we celebrated his birthday, and a wide variety of friends came to fete him, from neighborhood friends, work friends, community organizing friends, and of course his family who supports him deeply. It's clear that Danny has an important, unique connection with each person, that would be severely hurt if Danny were deported. Oakland stands by its own, Oakland protects our communities. So Oakland needs to defend Sakhone and Danny!
My name is Nathaniel Tan and I currently work in District 2. I am the Co-Director of Asian Prisoner Support Committee and I am in full support of agenda item #4A. Sakhone and Danny are remarkable leaders in the community. Danny has led the way in preventing Southeast Asian deportations of Cambodian members in Oakland and Sakhone has led the way in providing housing for the houseless population in Oakland Chinatown, a feat that very few have been able to accomplish.
Their contribution to Oakland is far reaching and has lasting impacts. Their leadership speaks to the importance of giving people who face deportation as a result of a criminal conviction a second chance. They are the reason why our communities are safer with them home.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community. Urge Gov. Newsom to pardon Sakhone and Danny!
My name is Rhummanee Hang, Project Co-Director at AYPAL, and I live and work in District 2. I am in full support of item #4A and urging the Governor to grant pardons to Sakhone Lasaphangthong and Danny Thongsy and to protect vulnerable Southeast Asian communities. Sakhone and Danny are great friends amazing community organizers. They do so much for not only Chinatown, but the broader Oakland and Southeast Asian community. When my brother was in their position and faced deportation, they were there fighting to keep him home. They are compassionate, selfless, humble... Danny and Sakhone are belong here. We need Danny and Sakhone home.
Please stand with refugee communities against unjust immigration policy. Danny and Sakhone makes our communities safer.
I have worked with Danny Thongsy in Oakland community organizations and very strongly support Item #4. Danny is a real gem--kind, thoughtful, and dedicated to community service, human rights, and social justice. It would be cruel and unusual punishment to send him back to a country from which he fled as a very young child with his family as refugees. He has no connections at all back in Laos. Here he is an admired and beloved member of many community networks here. Please help him and others in similar situations!!!
My name is Maria and I am a community member from the Bay Area. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. They are amazing friends and community advocates that stand up for other immigrants and vulnerable community members. They tirelessly work to free other immigrants and procure that our community is always protected. Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important more than ever that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community. It also calls on Governor Gavin Newsom to fully pardon Danny and Sakhone to prevent their deportation to Laos, and allow them to stay with family and community. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland, makes our community safer!
My name is Miya Sommers, and while I am a resident of Berkeley and the Assistant Director of Asian Pacific American Student Development at UC Berkeley, it is times like this that show us how interconnected we all are. I am in full support of Agenda item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Danny and Sakhone are wonderful friends and amazing community advocates who I have witnessed work tirelessly to support all those around them. Many of my students have been touched by the work that they do. Danny and Sakhone are integral to our communities and we need your leadership to protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community in the wake of a federal administration that is set on harming refugees.
I look forward to seeing the Council's full support for item #4A!
My name is Kristen Fu and I work in District 3 in Oakland. I’ve worked/attended church in Oakland for 7 years, and am a lifelong Bay Area resident. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I met Danny when he shared his powerful story at my church, and anyone who meets him can tell he is a leader and advocate for his community.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community. It also calls on Governor Gavin Newsom to fully pardon Danny and Sakhone to prevent their deportation to Laos, and allow them to stay with family and community. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland, makes our community safer!
My name is Rebecca Oyama and I live in District One in Oakland and work at the East Bay Community Law Center. I want to share my immense support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I have gotten to know Danny best through his influential work with the Justice Reinvestment Coalition. Danny is a born leader, tireless in his efforts to improve conditions and outcomes for incarcerated and immigrant communities. Danny is deeply committed to fighting for a better system for all of us, and the heart and humility he inserts in his work makes him a true gem of Oakland.
Under this current anti-immigrant administration, it’s important more than ever that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community.
My name is Michael Cheng and I live work in District #2 in Oakland. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong.
As a member of the Asian Prisoner Support Committee since 2005 I've had the honor to get to know both men personally and have witnessed their incredible growth and transformation. Both Sakhone and Danny have dedicated their lives to serving their community and selflessly work to help others. I have seen both of them demonstrate this commitment time and time again as they consistently have shown up to their professional day jobs where they help others, and also in their off time as volunteers. Being positive forces for change in their communities has truly become a lifestyle for both and to lose them to deportation would be a devastating loss not only to their families but to our community as a whole.
My name is Jared Ginn, and I work in District 2. Danny and Sakhone are dear friends of mine, not only because of all the positive actions they do in the community, but also because they are simply kind, gentle, and generous people to the soul. Our world would be a better place with more people like them. PLEASE SUPPORT ITEM#4A!
My name is Daniel Maher and I am in full support of Item #4A, a resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone are contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I met Danny several years ago while supporting the passage of SB54 the California Values Act. Danny is a friend of mine. He is a humble and passionate advocate for the underserved communities of color. I am personally thankful for his continuous hard work and dedication in giving back to the community.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s important more than ever that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our immigrant community. It also calls on Governor Gavin Newsom to fully pardon Danny and Sakhone to prevent their deportation allowing them to stay with family and community. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland, makes our community safer!
Hey I’m Nifa, organizer at The Ella Baker Center. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, please protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Our community thrives when we come together and both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. We all should know that those who are directly impacted are the experts when it comes to restoring and healing our communities. I’m asking that y'all show leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant community.
Community love,
Nifa Akosua
My name is Nicole Wong. I have been a resident of D1 for over a year. I met Danny my first week as a Community Advocate at Asian Law Caucus. I have been inspired by his quiet strength of spirit. Danny is a friend and fierce advocate. What I've learned from Danny is the importance of showing up. Danny shows up. Period. At rallies and events to support the Southeast Asian community, criminal justice reform, immigrant rights, etc. He shows up with a humility, graciousness, and compassion that is a steadying force. I met Sakhone a year ago upon his first week out. I remember he was humbled by the opportunity to forge a new life and give back to his community. Danny and Sakhone work tirelessly on behalf of incarcerated community members and immigrant families in Oakland. We urgently need leaders like Danny and Sakhone who have dealt with the criminal justice system firsthand and thus understand how important it is to change it. I urge you to support this resolution and to keep them home.
My name is Casey Tran and I live in District 2 in Oakland. I’ve been a resident for 2 years. I’m in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Danny is a tireless advocate for others. Danny has supported families impacted by incarceration and deportations and advocated for policies to uplift our communities. He has led actions in front of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) building in San Francisco and lobbied for the CA Values Act in Sacramento. He is continuing to empower his community through his work at Justice Reinvestment Coalition of Alameda County. Outside of work, I have known Danny as a good friend. We have bonded together over our love of poetry and food. Oakland has the opportunity to resist the Trump Administration's inhumane immigration policies. I ask the City Council to pass this resolution and stand in solidarity with Southeast Asian and immigrant communities.
My name is Milan Chang and I have had the great privilege of knowing Somdeng Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong through their extensive leadership in the community. As a former staff member of Advancing Justice - Asian Law Caucus and a volunteer member with Asian Prisoner Support Committee, I have seen firsthand the ways in which Danny and Sakhone are working to provide a positive example in the community and creating lasting change in the Bay Area. Deportation affects entire communities, and ours would be immeasurably worse without Danny and Sakhone. The conditions that led to their present circumstances are emblematic of the inequities that characterize our criminal legal system, and I urge you to intervene in this persistent injustice by advocating for pardons to keep Danny and Sakhone at home with their loved ones.
My name is Allison Tanner, and I am a pastor of Lakeshore Avenue Baptist Church, of District #2. We are a Sanctuary congregation and we have served our community for 160 years. We are in full support of Agenda Item #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community members, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. Danny has actually spoken at Lakeshore, leading our Sunday School and providing us with a powerful example of redemption, which is at the heart of our faith.
Under this current anti-immigrant federal administration, it’s essential that our elected Oakland Officials demonstrate leadership and protect our Lao, Hmong, Lu-Mien, Khmu and immigrant communities. Danny and Sakhone bless the city of Oakland. We need them.
Sincerely,
The Reverend Dr. Allison J. Tanner
My name is Elliot Hosman, I live in Richmond, but I work in District #5 in Oakland, and have lived in Oakland for most of the last 12 years. I’m in full support of #4A, the resolution to protect our Laotian community, including Danny Thongsy and Sakhone Lasaphangthong. Both Danny and Sakhone have been contributing members of our community, as leaders in Oakland since their release from State Prison. I met Danny through his work lifting up members of our Oakland community, giving generously and tirelessly of himself to make life better in Oakland for all. Danny was a leader while inside state prison, who stood up for vulnerable people, and through nonviolent compassion and allyship, helped people make positive change. Danny models respect and dignity for all people. We need Danny and Sakhone to stay now more than ever as we face an unprecedented time in which fear is great and great leadership is in demand. Keeping Danny and Sakhone in Oakland makes our community better and safer!
My name is Lan Nguyen and I support the resolution urging the Governor to pardon Sakhone Lasaphangthong and Somdeng "Danny" Thongsy. They are both valued leaders in the community and are at high risk of being deported. Our communities would be devastated by the loss of these leaders if they are deported. Please lend your support for these kind, selfless, compassionate community members.
I live in District 2 and work in District 5. I support the resolution urging the Governor to pardon Sakhone Lasaphangthong and "Danny" Thongsy. Both are contributing to Oakland in positive, meaningful ways. I've know Danny for several years now, ever since he was on staff at Advancing Justice - Asian Law Caucus for his Yuri Kochiyama Fellowship. He is a good friend, I'm a better person for being in community with Danny. He is a steady, positive force within relationships, including in his friendships with other formerly incarcerated people. Last month we celebrated his birthday, and a wide variety of friends came to fete him, from neighborhood friends, work friends, community organizing friends, and of course his family who supports him deeply. It's clear that Danny has an important, unique connection with each person, that would be severely hurt if Danny were deported. Oakland stands by its own, Oakland protects our communities. So Oakland needs to defend Sakhone and Danny!
I support pardoning Sakhone Lasaphangthong and "Danny" Thongsy
Support. Downing Household. District 4.